Algerian press
• El-Hakk: A weekly newspaper appeared in Annaba on July 10, 1893 by "Souleiman ben Benki", "Omar El-Sammar" and "Khalil Kaid El-Ayoun". It was first published in French, then in Arabic and French in the seventeenth issue. Its definition was (A French, Arabic, political, and literary newspaper covering Algerian Arab affairs.).Through this declared definition, its goal is to defend the interests of Algerian Arabs as well as the interests of the French, who responded exclusively to "national sentiments.". (El-Hakk) lasted approximately one year. It is unknown whether it was suspended/stopped by itself or by the French administration.
• El-Djaz’ir: According to “Ahmed Toufik El-Madani”, it was the first popular newspaper to appear in the capital, published on October 27, 1908, by the great writer and artist “Omar Racem”. It did not last long, however, as three issues were published before colonialism disrupted it and imprisoned its owner, who was known for his sharp patriotic dialect. One of the newspaper's goals, as stated in its first issue, was to raise awareness among Algerians, educate them, and inform them about the secrets of domestic and foreign policy.
• Dhou El Fikar: “Omar Racem”, who signed his name “Abou Mansour El-Sanhadji”, published it in 1913. Between August 1913 and June 1914, it only issued three issues. “Omar Racem” was alert and aware of world events, and with his colleague “Omar ben kaddour” have since realized what is being plotted against Palestine and Al-Quds, as well as Zionist plans in the Arab world. They forewarned of this early on because signs emerged following the fall of “Sultan Abdul Hamid II”. “Omar Racem” was the one who edited, planned, and printed his newspaper on stone.
Among the newspapers opposing the scholars is “El-Wiffak”, which was founded in 1938 in Oran by "Mouhamed El-Said El-Zahri" and has become critical of the association's men such as "El-Ibrahimi" and "El-Mili." Also, in 1926, the newspaper (El-Balagh) was published in Mostaganem under the supervision of "Mahieddine Haddoni," who was affiliated with the Alawites order. Tariki scholars who disagreed with Scholars Association founded the newspaper (El-Ikhlas) in 1932. Cheikh el-Mouloud El-Hafidi was the newspaper's editor-in-chief. In 1933, these tarika scholars' newspapers: El-Miyar and El-Djahim. El-Rachad is another anti-scholars newspaper founded in 1938 by Abdelkafrt El-Kacimi.
Among the unknown newspapers are: (el-Hakk), which appeared in Biskra in 1926 by "Ali ben Moussa El-0ukbi," and "Sawt El-Chaab," which appeared in the capital in 1934 by "Ali ben Ahmed El-Tbessi,” as well as (Sada El-Haraka), which appeared in Oum El-Bouaghi in 1935 by "Hassani Ramdane."
In terms of integrative politics, there is the aforementioned (El-Takaddoum) newspaper, as well as El-Wifak, whose political director was Dr. Mouhamed El-Saleh ben Djelloul and its editor was Farhat Abbas. Among the newspapers of this trend was (Al-Maydan), which appeared in 1938 in Constantine in Arabic and was the editor-in-chief of "Mouhamed El-Hassan El-Marzouki" for about two years. El-Zanati established the newspaper (Sawt El-Ahali) in Constantine in 1929.
Concerning the communist movement, the branch of the French Communist Party in Algeria issued a newspaper called "El Baria" and another in Arabic called "El-Raya El-Hamra" during the twenties, and the newspaper (Algerie Republicaine) was published in the thirties, under the supervision of the French "Victor Spellman."
Regarding the independence movement, it is represented by the North African Star, which was founded in Paris in 1926, and its successor, the Algerian People's Party, which was also founded in Paris in 1937. The first reissued the newspaper (El-Ikdam), which was published by Amit Khaled, with two titles in succession: (El-Ikdam El-Barissi) and then (El-Ikdam El-Ifriki), both of which did not last long and were in French. The first newspaper, El-Oumma, was published in French in October 1930 in France. Messali El-Hadj was its political director, and despite the setback, it continued until 1939. . The Algerian People's Party established a newspaper in Arabic in 1937, which it called (El-Chaab), and it was supervised by "Moufdi Zakaria" and "Mouhamed Kananech," and its publication was in the capital, but its experience was brief, so the party established another newspaper on June 3, 1939, under the name of the Algerian Parliament. It was released in the capital.
The third stage (1940 - 1956):
All Algerian newspapers were suspended during the Second World War, with the exception of El-Islah, which reemerged, and El-Oumma, owned by "Laba Said Addoun," which debuted in 1940 and lasted two years. Newspapers included: (Ya Allah) in 1939, (Eddalil) (1940 - 1941), and (Victory) 1943. Moreover, if these newspapers were Algerian, they were founded by Algerians to serve the interests of Algerian Muslims, even if those interests, in their opinion, were in integration and reconciliation with France.
The "AML" movement founded the newspaper (EL-Moussawat) in French in 1944, but it was forced to close due to the May 8, 1945 uprising. Then, "Farhat Abbas" established the newspaper (El-Djoumhouria El-Djazairia) in 1948, which was expressing his new political thought, i.e. moving away from the call for integration, and a year later he established a weekly newspaper called (Al-Watan) and assigned it to Mr. "Abderrahman" Rahmani", a newspaper that lasted about a year.
The Algerian Communist Party established the newspaper (El-Djazair El-djadida) around 1946, which lasted until 1957 and was published in Arabic twice a month. He also owned a newspaper, El-Djazair El-Djoumhouria, which was published weekly at first and then daily until it was closed by French authorities in 1957. Its authors included Muslim intellectuals (El-Ahali) and French intellectuals. At the beginning of their lives, "Mouhamed Dib", "Kateb Yacin" and "Alber Camus” wrote in this newspaper... Among its Algerian writers are "Essadek Hadjres", "El-Bachir Hadj Ali" and "Abdelhamid El-Zin". The Algerian Communist Party also published a newspaper called (El-Houriya).
Concerning the 1946 " Movement for the Triumph of Democratic Liberties (MTLD)," a newspaper (El-Djazair Hourra) was published in French, but the French authorities confiscated it while it was still being printed in its first issue. So it moved to Paris, and some issues were published, but it was suspended again. It then returned to being published in Algeria, and three issues were published before it was suspended again. In November 1953, the Victory Movement published a newspaper in Arabic called (Sawt El-Djazair) in the capital. Its editor-in-chief, "Moustapha Farrouhi," was a member of the Algerian Parliament and a prominent centralist in the party, but the publication ceased publication after the outbreak of the Liberation Revolution in November 1954 On August 21, 1954, the Messalis movement issued a newspaper called (Sawt Echaab), and its chief editor was Moulay Merbah. It was a political weekly that called for liberation struggle in all fields, with the slogan ((Struggle, System, Sacrifice)). It was ceased on October 30, 1954.
Two newspapers allied with the Algerian People's Party (Harakat El-Intisar) were also published: (El-Manar) newspaper, founded in 1951 by "Mahmoud Bozouzou," and suspended in 1954 due to a financial crisis. The second newspaper is (El-Maghrib El-Arabi) by "Mouhamed El-Said El-Zouhri," which was published in 1948 as a weekly newspaper in support of the victory movement, then it disappeared for a while, reappeared on March 17, 1956, and lasted about two months, then it ceased publication after the assassination of its owner in mysterious circumstances.
The Revolutionary Committee for Unity, founded on March 23, 1954, issued a publication called (El-Wattani), and it was said that "Mouhamed Bouddiaf" was supervising it, and "Mouhamed El-Aichawoui," director of "Harakat El-Intissar " office in the capital, was the one who printed it.
In terms of Algerian revolution newspapers, the first was (El-Moukawama El-Djazairia), which appeared in late 1955 in French and was first printed in France and Morocco in early 1956. In the middle of this year, an Arabic language edition appeared in Tunisia, and it was secretly entering Algeria. After the “Soumam Conference” was held," the name of the newspaper (El-Moukawama) was changed to (El-Moudjahid), and the "National Liberation Front Conference" was assigned as its supervisor, led by the Coordination and Execution Committee. Initially printed in the capital, it was later printed in Tetouan, Morocco, after the Coordination Committee went abroad following the February strike in 1957. The Coordination and Execution Committee then decided in November of the same year to move the newspaper (El Moudjahid) from Tetouan to Tunisia, where it remained until independence in 1962. During this period, El-Moudjahid was published in Tunisian and Moroccan editions (Tetouan and then Rabat). It was published bimonthly, but not on a regular basis and it came in two editions: French and Arabic. And, while the general font in the two editions was the same, the content was not always identical due to the difference in the audience in the two cases, and the responsible for the two editions was "Reda Malik,” as for "Mouhamed El-Mili” and "Mnawar Marrouch," were responsible the Arabic version, and "Franz Fanon” was responsible for the French version.
During this period (1940-1962), the Algerian Muslim Scholars Association published (Al-Bassaer) in its second series in 1947, and (El-Bassaer) until April 1956. In 1952, a French-language newspaper called (Echab El-Muslim) was published, and it was identical to what (El-Bassaer) published on topics and direction, and "Malek Ben Nabi," "Ammar Ouzgan," and "El-Charif Sahili" wrote in it. It was published every two weeks. The association published a popular newspaper called (El-Choula) in 1949, which was overseen by the writer "Ahmed Reda Houhou" and Cheikh "Essadek Hammani.". The newspaper was written sarcastically, in darija and with a sharp Tone.
